گرامر- زمان در زبان انگلیسی- درس ششم- زمان حال کامل
Present Perfect Tense
همان طور که قبلن گفتم زمان حال کامل در موارد زیر به کار گرفته می شود
1. بیان يک تجربه
2. بیان يک تغییر
2. ادامه یافتن یک موقعیت
I have seen ET
He has lived in Bangkok
?Have you been there
We have never eaten caviar
I have bought a car
John has broken his leg
?Has the price gone up
The police have arrested the killer
I have worked here since June
He has been ill for 2 days
?How long have you known Tara
I've finished my work
John's seen ET
They've gone home
فرمول کلی ساخت زمان حال کامل به صورت زیر است
subject + auxiliaey verb (have)+main verb (past participle)e
مثال 1
| I have seen ET He has lived in Bangkok ?Have you been there We have never eaten caviar | ||
| future | present | past |
| !!! | + | |
| In my head, I have a memory now | The action or state was in the past | |
مثال 2
| I have bought a car | ||
| future | present | past |
| + | - | |
| Now I have a car | Last week I didn't have a car | |
مثال 3
| John has broken his leg | ||
| future | present | past |
| - | + | |
| Now he has a bad leg | Yesterday John had a good leg | |
مثال 4
| ?Has the price gone up | ||
| future | present | past |
| - | + | |
| Is the price $1.70 ?today | Was the price $1.50yesterday?e | |
مثال 5
| The police have arrested the killer | ||
| future | present | past |
| + | - | |
| Now he is in prison | Yesterday the killer was free | |
مثال 6
| I have worked here sice June He has been ill for 2 days ?How long have you known Tara | ||
| future | present | past |
| + | - | |
| R(It will probably continue into the future)E | It continues up to now | The situation started in the past |
صرف فعل play
مثبت
I have played football
You have played football
He has played football
She has played football
It has played football
We have played football
They have played football
منفی
I have not played baseball
You have not played baseball
He has not played baseball
She has not played baseball
It has not played baseball
We have not played baseball
They have not played baseball
سئوالی
?Have I played baseball
?Have You played baseball
?Has he played baseball
?Has she played baseball
?Has it played baseball
?Have we played baseball
?Have they played baseball